Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Activity 3


IUPAC: Gold



My homemade molecule


                                                          IUPAC:Carbon Dioxide

My homemade molecule


IUPAC:Methane

My homemade molecule

20 Chemicals that we use:

water-oxidane

oragne juice-citric acid

wheat-hydrolyzed starch 
 
plastic-polyethylene

corn-fructose

leather-xylene

salt-magnesium sulfate

chalk-calcium carbonate

diamonds-carbon crystal

vitamine c-ascorbic acid

butter-butanoic acid

potatoe chips- olestra

nails-iron

pop cans-aluminum

air-oxygen

pennies-copper


vinegar-impure dilute acetic acid
matches-phosperous

watch batteries-litium

pencils-graphite


IUPAC means:
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

Some companies claim to be safe; however, they get away with this because they do not use as harsh chemicals as some companies may such as amonia. 

Activity 2




Carbon- when paper burns it creates carbon


Copper- We find copper in our everyday lives in pennies


Aluminum- We find in pop cans and of course aluminum foil

1.      What is the atomic number for each of your models?
a.       Carbon- 6
b.      Copper-29
c.       Aluminum-13
2.      What is the atomic mass number for each of your models?
a.       Carbon- 12.0107
b.      Copper-63.546
c.       Aluminum-26.981538
3.      In your models, which two subatomic particles are equal in number?
a.       Non are
4.      How would you make an isotope for one of your models?  What would change with the model?
a.       Isotopes are variants of atoms of a particular chemical element, which have differing numbers of neutrons.
5.      Considering the overall volume of your element models, what makes up most of the volume of an atom?
a.       It is mostly filled with nothing.  There is a central heavy nucleus and “whizzing’ round it are a number of much lighter much smaller electrons.  From the outermost reaches of the electrons orbits to the centre of the nucleus there is an awful of  nothing in it. 

6.   Show with another image what happens when energy excites an electron.


 7. Once the electron is excited, what do we typically observe when the electron returns to the ground-state?
8.Why are some elements different colors when they are excited?
     a.  The color emitted depends on the amount of energy released. 

      a.  The colors of fireworks are determined by the minerals placed inside the shell along with the explosive charges - for example, strontium produces a red color. For the sparkling, they include aluminum shavings. See the links below and click through on some of the articles for more information.
9. With the Fourth of July coming up quickly, explain how the colors of fireworks arise.

Source(s):


10.  Explain the overall organizational structure of the periodic table.
     a.  Elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number.  Rows are arranged os that elements with similar properties fall into the same columns.    
11.  List two example elements for each of these groups or classes: Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth, Halogens, Noble Gases, Transition Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids.
  • Alkaline Metals-Sodium
  • Alkaline Earth- Magnesium
  • Halogens- Chlorine
  • Noble Gases- Neon
  • Transition Metals- Iron
  • Non Metals- Hydrogen
  • Metalloids- Boron

Wednesday, June 15, 2011

Activity 1


Activity 1
Jessica Borowski

Actual Answers from the experiment
1.       Does hot water or cold water freeze faster?
·         Hot water
2.       Does hot water or cold water boil faster?
·         Hot water
3.       Does salt water freeze faster or slower than regular water?
·         Salt water freezes slower than regular water.

1.       Pictures of experiment
In my experiment I had the sections of the ice tray so all the different water was separate from each other and I labeled what was were starting with hot water, cold water, and finally salt water.   I thought this was the best way for me to do my experiment. 
This is a picture of the pot I used boiling the water.  I boiled water two different times because I wanted to use the same size of pot for my experiment.  So I did one experiment allowed it to cool (the pot) and then I continued on to the next part of my experiment. 
2.      Your hypothesis to the questions posed

·         My hypothesis for does hot water or cold water freeze faster would be that I think that hot water would freeze faster, because this is something I had learned a long time ago.  I think originally I had thought though that cold water freezes faster when I was younger.
·         My hypothesis for does hot water or cold water boil faster is that I think that like freezing that the cold water will boil faster, because I think this would be like the first experiment that it is opposite than what you would think.
·         My hypothesis for does salt water freeze faster or slower than regular water is that I think that salt water will freeze faster than regular water. 
3.      Data in the form of a graph or table

Hot Water
Freezes Faster
Than Cold
Hot Water
Boils Faster
Than Cold
Salt Water
Freezes Slower
Than regular


4.      Show data of experiment repeated
·         I ran both of the experiment two different times with similar amount of salt and as similar temperature as I could to get the experiment as accurate as I could.  In both experiments I found the same results. 
5.      List your controlled variables for your experiment
·         Temperature of the water (for both hot and cold experiment)
·         Amount of salt put into the water
·         Temperature of the freezer
·         Temperature of the stove
6.      Formulate a theory that answers the questions posed.
·         I found that hot water freezes faster than cold water because of Mpemba.  Mpemba's story in particular providing a dramatic parable against making snap judgments about what is impossible.( http://johanw.home.xs4all.nl/PhysFAQ/General/hot_water.html ) 
·         So cold water needs a higher temperature evaluation than hot water does, so this would be why hot water boils faster than cold water. 
7.      Image of the atoms that make up water molecules.
8.      Video or animation that shows how water molecules are arranged in the three states of matter for water.
·         The above website that I posted will take you to a webpage that shows the three states of matter for water which is solid, liquid, and gas.  There are a couple of different images here that I feel are very helpful.
9.      Describe the scientific method/process and how each step correlates to your own experiment. 
·         The process of the experiment is very simple.
1.       Get your materials that you need.  Ice tray, pot, water, salt, freezer
2.      Put hot water and cold water in the freezer and record your data
3.      Put hot and cold water in two different pots and record your data
4.      Finally put salt and water in an ice tray and regular water in an ice tray and than record your data.